In recent years, India sharply increased discounted oil imports from Russia, raising its share from about 2% before 2022 to nearly 35 to 40% of total crude imports by 2024-25. However, trade pressure and tariffs from the United States forced New Delhi to adjust. By late 2025, Russian imports had fallen to around 31 to 32%, while U.S. oil shipments rose by over 30% year-on-year. This shift reflects India’s practical strategy keeping fuel affordable while protecting exports and economic growth.
At the same time, India is accelerating its clean energy transition. The country has crossed 250 GW of non-fossil fuel capacity, accounting for over 50% of total installed electricity capacity. Major investments are going into solar, wind, green hydrogen, battery storage, and electric vehicles. Through Production Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes worth billions of dollars, India is boosting domestic manufacturing of solar modules, advanced batteries, and clean-tech equipment to reduce import dependence.
Looking ahead to 2030, India aims for energy sovereignty 500 GW of non-fossil capacity, expanded green hydrogen production, diversified oil suppliers, and stronger domestic energy industries. If successful, India will reduce geopolitical vulnerability while supporting sustainable economic growth and national security.
